Observation Of Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances By The Doppler Technique With Spaced Transmitters

This report describes a radio investigation of traveling ionospheric disturbances carried out near Boulder, Colorado, over a 1-year period from June 1967 to June 1968. The three-dimensional motions of F2 layer disturbances were measured by the high frequency Doppler technique with spaced transmitters and at several probing frequencies. Horizontal motions were determined by cross-correlating three signals on frequencies near 5 MHz, whose reflection points were approximately at the corners of a horizontal equilateral triangle with 40-km sides. Vertical motions were determined from cross-correlation of signals on frequencies of 3.3, 4.0, and 5.1 MHz, whose reflection points were aligned vertically.